Defocus
In optics, defocus is the aberration in which an image is simply out of focus. In general, defocus reduces the sharpness and contrast of the image. What should be sharp, high-contrast edges in a scene become gradual transitions. Fine detail in the scene is blurred or even becomes invisible. Optically, defocus refers to a translation of the focus along the optical axis away from the detection surface. Nearly all image-forming optical devices, such as cameras, videocameras, microscopes, telescopes, or binoculars, incorporate some form of focus adjustment to minimize defocus and maximize image quality.
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